Smoking pipe



25p 1941- c. A. PAVEY 2,235,847

SMOKING PIPE Filed April 7, 1959 lnvenfor Clarence Afm/e9 Patented Mar.25, 1941 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE Claims.

My invention has two general objectives in view-to the greatest degreepossible to remove from the smoke, before it passes into the bore of thestem, and to deposit, those objectionable 5 constituents of the smokewhich are recognizable by their dark, apparently tarry nature and bytheir bitter taste; and to cool down the smoke so that it will notproduce an impression of heat upon the tongue or the lining of themouth, throat, and nasal passages, so that it will not, in normalsmokers language, bite the tongue.

The above objectives have had the attention of others, but still havenot been achieved to the fullest degree possible. Previous attempts havesometimes produced structures that are not sufficiently rugged; othersmay have been theoretically advantageous, but in use may be found toclog up with baked deposits, or to require excessive cleaning (to whichthey may be illadapted), or to block with condensation productsessential air passages, thereby making the pipe gurgle and requiringexcessive draft or pull to get the smoke through, and in so doingentraining the deleterious substances they are intended to eliminate.Such prior devices have, in some instances, required undue care andskill in filling and handling the pipe while smoking, more than acareless or even a careful smoker will give, for no smoker feelssatisfied with a pipe that requires assiduous attention or skill. Inother instances they may cause the tobacco to burn more in one part ofthe bowl than in` other parts-for instance, to burn rapidly down theaxis of the bowl, leaving a surrounding shell 3 of unburned tobaccowhich must be broken away and tamped down frequently. Again, in someformer structures, and due to devices intended to accomplish one or boththe above objectives, the tobacco does not burn entirely to the bottomof the bowl, the condensation products are trapped and collect in thebottom of the bowl, and a moist, foul heel is left in the bottom. It is,accordingly, one of the objects of the presr ent invention to provide aconstruction which will achieve the principal objectives, but byconstructions which eliminate the drawbacks and disadvantages justreferred to above.

More particularly it is an object of the present invention to provide abowl for the pipe which to all appearances, both externally andinternally, and which for all practical purposes in use, is a normalbowl of a smoking pipe, which will contain an adequate charge oftobacco, which will cause that tobacco to burn evenly and entirely tothe bottom of the bowl, which will prevent any collection of moisturewithin the bowl, but which is so constructed that the bowl may beremoved to clean the pipe, either to remove the objectionablecondensation products, or to cut away the cake which might otherwisetend to accumulate in the bowl, and particularly in the bottom of thebowl.

It is emphasized that it is an important object of the invention toprovide such a pipe in which the deposit of moist substances can notwell occur within the bowl, so that it is scarcely possible to leave inthe bottom of the bowl any damp heel of unburned tobacco, and hence thebowl will at all times be kept dry and sweet, and the entire charge oftobacco can be fully consumed.

It is a further object to provide a construction for smoking pipes inwhich all the liquid or liqueable condensation products are directedradially outwardly from and all about the periphery of the bottom of thebowl, and are deposited, by the act of smoking the pipe, upon the sidewalls of a cup which is separate 4from and below the bowl, which can befreely opened for cleaning. Preferably they are deposited upon anabsorptive liner which can be Vinserted within such a cup, and thisliner, when it has absorbed or received a sufficient deposit of suchliquid condensation products, can be removed and re placed with a freshliner, thereby carrying with it all the objectionable ingredients, andleaving the cup itself clean and sweet.

It is a further object to provide a construction of pipe in which thereis a chamber beneath the bottom of the bowl itself, in which chamber, bythe draft or pull of the smoker on the pipe, there is produced a slightvacuum or minus pressure, thereby tending to draw air downward uniformlythrough the tobacco in the bowl, but not directly downwardly into thischamber, and whereby, in the normal case, a draft of fresh air from theexterior, but insufficient to affect materially the draft through thetobacco, is drawn into this chamber, thereby to cool down thetemperature within the chamber, and by this reduction of temperature toaffect the condensation and deposition on the walls of the condensableliquid constituents of the smoke. It is an object in conjunction withthe above object to prevent intermingling of the smoke and of theexterior air thus drawn into the chamber, by maintaining them atdifferent levels, and in this way to avoid interference with the draftby the indrawn air from the exterior.

Still a further object is to provide a pipe of the general characterindicated, which shall be Strongly built; the parts whereof, some ofwhich are removable, may be fitted together witliout difficulty; whichis readily cleaned; and which will properly lend itself to theaccomplishment of the above objects.

My invention comprises the novel parts and the novel combination andarrangement thereof, as shown in the accompanying drawing, described inthis specication, and as will be more particularly defined by the claimswhich terminate the same.

In the accompanying drawing I have shown my invention embodied in a formwhich is at present preferred by me, it being understood that variouschanges may be made in the form, character, and relative arrangement ofthe parts, without departure from the invention as claimed.

Figure 1 is a vertical section, axially of the bowl and of the stem,illustrating my invention.

Figure 2 is a vertical section, substantially on the line 2-2 of Figure1, and Figure 3 is a hori- Zonta] section substantially on the line 3-*3of Figure l.

Figure 4 is a sectional view in perspective, illustrating the principlesof my invention.

The bit of the pipe may be of any desired con-- struction, and is notillustrated. The stern i3, with its usual bore II, is likewise of normalcon-- struction. The stem terminates in a cup I, which externally is ofthe usual appearance of the lower part of the bowl of a pipe. It .ispreferred, however, that its walls be relatively thin, and that they besubstantially cylindrical. The cup I may, but preferably does not extendupwardly as high as the normal bowl of a pipe. Its interior, therefore,is readily accessible for cleaning, and for removal and replacement of aliner, later referred to.

Fitted within the top of the cup I is a bowl 2. For the sake ofappearance, if the cup does not completely enclose the bowl 2, theexterior of the bowl should be a smooth continuation of the cup I, sothat there is no appreciable break between the two. This may beachieved, and the position of the bowl within the cup may be preciselydetermined, by providing a shoulder 2.5i upon the bowl, between its topand bottom, which seats upon the rim of the cup. Prefern ably the cupand bowl are provided with indices (not shown) that may be brought intoregistry, to position the bowl properly within the cup, for reasonswhich will appear hereafter.

Interiorly the bowl 2 is substantially cylindrical, as indicated by itsbore 2|, though this bore may taper somewhat, as is usually the case.The bottom 23 of the bowl has its upper surface, indicated at 22,preferably plane and flat. The under surface of the bottom 23 is spacedabove the bottom of the cup I to leave a chamber 3 between them, theproper spacing being determined by the seating of the shoulder 20 uponthe lip of the cup, or by other suitable means. The exterior of theinserted part of the bowl is cylindrical, as shown at 21, and thecorrespond ing part of the interior of the cup is similarly formed.

The bottom 23 of the bowl is imperforate, so that no smoke nor draft maygo directly downwardly, and so that no apertures are positioned in linewith pressure in tamping the pipe, thereby tc be clogged by tobacco.Smoke outlets are provided at the side of the bottom of the bowl,directly outwardly. These outlets are preferably arranged substantiallyentirely about the periphery of the bottom of the bowl. To this endslots 24 may be out in the side wall of the bowl, beginning at the levelof the bottom surface 22, and removing the side wall material thereabovefor a short distance, leaving the bottom supported from the remainder ofthe bowl by pillars or posts 25. Preferably only two such posts areleft, one of which is opposite the stems bore II, and the other of whichmay be located immediately above the stem.

These laterally directed, nearly semi-circular slots 24 constitute smokeoutlets from the bowl 2, and by recessing or shouldering the exterior ofthe bowl, at the level of the top edge of the slots 25, as indicated at29, or by cutting back the edge 26 of the bowls bottom 23, this edge 26at all points extends outwardly beyond an extension of the inner wall 2lof the bore of the bowl, thereby to direct the smoke outwardly, ratherthan downwardly, and against the wall of the cup I, as is indicated bythe arrows B. The recession of the edge 26 leaves a space clear for theescape of smoke radially in all directions from the smoke outlets 24.Below the edge 26 the bottom 23 is preferably beveled off, as indicatedat 28, whereby the smoke, after having impinged on the side walls of thecup I, is directed downwardly and inwardly towards the center of thechamber 3, as indicated by the arrow C.

It may be pointed out here that this directional movement of the smokeis caused by the production of a vacuum within the chamber 3, by drawingthrough the bore II of the stem. The whole chamber 3 is under reducedpressure. The air which is drawn in by this reduced pressure passesdownwardly into and through the tobacco in the bowl, as indicated by thearrows A; it is drawn downward substantially uniformly over the wholearea of the burning crust, and if there is any departure from uniformityin this regard, it is in the direction of affording stronger draftadjacent the side walls of the bowl, whereas normally the draft isweakest here. Direct draft towards the entrance to the bore II isobstructed by the imperforate bottom 23, and by the narrow annular smokepassage between the edge 26 and the walls of the cup. The smoke, then,tends to escape laterally from the smoke outlets 24, and radially in alldirections, as indicated by the arrows B, and thus enters the chamber 3indirectly, and with an abrupt change of direction, indicated bycomparison of the arrows B and C, which in itself assists in thedeposition of liquid constituents of the smoke. It tends to fill thewhole chamber 3, rather than to be drawn too strongly towards the boreIl. The reduced pressure within the chamber 3, as well as the lateraldischarge and the abrupt change of direction, tends to lower the dewpoint, as it were, and thus per se effects condensation and depositionwithin the chamber.

The pillars 25 tend to obstruct the escape of smoke from the pipe butlittle, the more especially as they are narrow on their inner face.

Should any liquid matter tend to deposit on the surface 22, it will tendto run out by gravity into the chamber 3, since there is no marginal lipabout the smoke outlets. Moreover, the hot smoke will act upon suchliquid, tending to volatilize it and to entrain it, as the smoke passesout through the outlets 24. As a result the surface 22 is always dry,clean, and sweet, except it may tend to cake with carbonized material.One reason that the heel of an ordinary pipe becomes moist is that thereis no place for the moisture to go, if it is not to be drawn into themouth, so it collects at the lowest point of the bowl.

It is desired to cool down the smoke, and by this cooling further toeiect deposition of the condensable liquids in the smoke, and to do thisby means which will not too greatly lower the vacuum within the chamber3, nor affect the drawing power of the pipe as a whole. Consequently, tothis end I provide abreather aperture I4, admitting from the exteriorinto the chamber 3, of small size as compared to the size of the boreII. In order that the air thus admitted, which cools down thetemperature within the chamber 3, may not on the one hand affect thesmoke at the points where the smoke passes from the bowl, and may not onthe other hand pass directly towards the bore II, but will be diffusedthroughout the chamber 3, it is` preferred that this aperture I4 be solocated that the air entering through it will impinge upon one of thepillars 25, and it is to locate this pillar properly that the indexmarks referred to above are provided to position the removable bowl 2.Air entering at I4 is then deflected by the beveled surface 28, as isindicated by the arrow D to a level below the level of the smoke outlets24, and into the chamber 3. Thus it diffuses throughout the chamber, andmingles with the smoke, but only after the smoke has entered the chamber3, and after it has impinged upon the walls of the cup I and has beendeflected downwardly as indicated by the arrowsC. The smoke indicated bythe arrows C and the cool air,` as indicated by the arrow D, mingle inthe chamber 3, and the cool air causes further condensation ofcondensable substances in the smoke and further cools down the smoke,without being sufficient in quantity, however, as to be noticeable or tonoticeably lessen the draft, and the liquids thus condensed aredeposited upon the bottom of the cup I. The mingled smoke and cool airpass out through the stems bore I I, as indicated by the arrow E.

It will be particularly noted that the opening I4 for admission of coolair does not admit directly into the bowl wherein the tobacco isburning. The tobacco is only subjected to the downwardly drawn air,indicated by the arrows A, which must pass through the burning crust,and the cool air, admitted after the smoke has left the bowl 2, can notpossibly interrupt the burning of the tobacco. This cool air is socontrolled and directed that it can have no effect until after the smokehas been drawn into the minus pressure chamber 3, clear of the tobacco,and as condensation proceeds the products thereof have no chance todeposit within the bowl itself, but all condensation and deposition ofliquid must take place only within the chamber 3. f

The chamber 3 would tend to become foul from condensation products if nomeans to dispose of them were provided, but I prefer to provide aremovable liner 4, which fits within the cup I and which extends upwardalong the side walls of the cup, at least far enough to be impinged bythe smoke as it is directed at B laterally and radially from the outlets24. It has been found that a great deal of the condensation takes placeat this point by the abrupt change of direction and that thecondensation products are deposited at this level upon the liner 4, thesmoke continuing on downward, as indicated by the arrows C. Of course,some further condensation takes place within the chamber 3, by reason ofthe cooling draft D, and such condensation is deposited upon the bottomof the liner 4 within the cup. Also any condensation that tends toremain liquid and to run, runs down the walls of the cup and its liner,to come to rest upon the bottom of the liner. This liner is preferablyof absorptive material, such as blotting paper. I have discovered thatblotting paper imparts a disagreeable taste to the smoke unless treated,but I have found that if the blotting paper is rst boiled in orimpregnated with coffee, this objectionable taste is eliminated, and isreplaced either by a neutral taste or by a slightly pleasant taste.

It will be noted that the liner preferably extends upwardly to the upperlimit of the cup I, so that it lies between the cylindrical portion 21of the bowl and the inside wall of the cup. The wooden bowl and cupcannot well be made to fit with great accuracy, hence the liner, beingsomewhat compressible, accommodates and compensates for any minor lackof accuracy in either the cup or the bowl, where they interflt, andforms a tight joint, which is yieldable under the influences oftemperature changes and the like. Proper holes are left in it toregister with the opening I4 and with the bore II. Ihe liner is readilyremovable and replaceable whenever it becomes fouled.

It should be noted that one of the pillars 25 is located immediatelyabove the stem bore I I, and the advantage of this is that the smokepassing from the smoke outlets 24 may not be drawn downwardly by thestronger draft through the bore II, but must pass outwardly to eitherside of the bore for impingement and deposition upon the walls of thecup, before it can enter the bore II. Similarly the aperture I4 ispreferably directly opposite the bore II, and is shielded by a pillar 25to cause diffusion by deflection downwardly, and it is opposite the boreso that the air is drawn through the entire width of the chamber 3 toaffect all the smoke that enters and passes through this chamber.

It should also be noted that while the smoke outlets 24 are shown as twonearly semicircular slots, they might be replaced by a different numberof slots or by numerous closely spaced outlets of lesser individualangular extent. However, when they are wide slots it is a simple matterto insert a knife blade through these slots, when the bowl 2 is removed,and thus to cut out and remove or scrape away any carbon that may tendto deposit upon the bottom surface 22 of the bowl. In whatever mannerthe smoke outlets are formed, however, they are radially disposed, anddirected laterally outwardly, and extend substantially uniformly aboutthe entire periphery of the bottom of the bowl.

With the construction as described the pipe may be lled, tamped andpacked to a normal degree and in a normal manner, and since the bottomis imperforate and its edges are well outside the projection of theinside wall v2l of the bowl, it follows that the pressure on the tobaccoat the top of the bowl cannot push the tobacco outwardly through thesmoke outlets, for the pressure is `downwardly and the tobacco wouldhave to move outwardly to leave by the outlets 24. If a tobacco is usedwhich is not of too fine granules, that is, which is not too powdery,there is little likelihood that any tobacco will pass into the chamber 3through the smoke outlets 24. If any tobacco should nd its way into thechamber 3, however, it can readily be removed by removing the bowl 2,and either knocking it out or lifting it out when the liner 4 isremoved. The

bowl 2 may be removed while the pipe is being smoked, and no harmoccurs, and the smoker can continue smoking the tobacco upon replacementof the bowl, provided, of course, it is not left out.

so long that it is extinguished. The cup I is freely open when the bowlis removed, and can be thoroughly cleaned, as can also the bore Il ofthe stem,

Further devicesl within the bore of the stem or in conjunction with thebit, for condensation of the Vaporized liquid substances, may beemployed if desired, but it has been found wholly unnecessary to do sowith a pipe thus constructed, as there appears to be no objectionablenor condensable products left in the smoke which could be condensed bysuch devices, even assuming that such devices are satisfactorilyoperable. The smoke which issues into the mouth of the smoker is cooland free from the objectionable, bittertasting substances that arefrequently found in pipe smoke, and the result is a thoroughly enjoyableand clean smoke, anda pipe that remains sweet and clean.

What I claim as my invention is:

l. A smoking pipe comprising a stem terminating in a cup, a bowlremovably supported in the cup, with its bottom spaced above the bottomof the cup to leave a chamber therebetween, with which chamber the boreof the stem communicates, the bowl being approximately of hollowcylindrical shape, and its bottom being supported by spacer pillars',one of which is located directly opposite the stems bore, the edge ofthe bottom thus spaced below the lower end of the bowl proper, beingdisposed outwardly of the projection of the inner wall of the bowl, butbeing spaced inwardly from the outer wall of the bowl, to dene wide,laterally directed and substantially circumferentially disposed smokeoutlets, the cup having a breather aperture admitting exterior air toimpinge upon the pillar which is opposite the stems bore, the exteriorof the bowl being shaped to direct such breather air downwardly andacross the chamber beneath the bowls bottom, and an absorptive linerwithin the cup, and extending up the side walls to a level to collectcondensation from the smoke as it leaves the smoke outlets of the bowland impinges upon the side walls of the cup, and as it is directeddownwardly thence into the chamber.

2. A smoking pipe comprising a stem terminating in a cup, a bowlremovably supported in the cup to dispose the underside of the bcwlsbottom above the bottom of the cup, to leave a chamber therebetween, thestems bore communicating with the chamber substantially at the cupsbottom, the bowl having circumferentiallydisposed smoke outlets directedlaterally and unobstructedly towards the side walls of the cup, butspaced therefrom to aiTord communication with the chamber, the upperside of the bowls bottom being,r so disposed and arranged that no partis lower than the outer edge of the smoke outlets-to avoid entrapment of.liquid within the bowl and to facilitate its lateral discharge, withthe natural draft, against the side walls of the cup.

. 3. A smoking pipe comprising a stem terminating in a cup, a bowlremovably supported in the cup, and having its outer wall closelyembraced by the cup, with the lower face of its bottom spaced above thebottom of the cup to leave a chamber therebetween, with which chamberthe.

stems bore directly communicates, the bowls bottom being supported belowthe lower edge of the bowis side walls by spacer pillars, and the upperface of the bowls bottom extending outwardly beyond theinner surface,Yprojected, of the bowls side walls, to dene with the lower edge of thebowl circumferentially disposed, laterally directed smoke outlets,4 theouter edge of the upper face of the bowls bottom being spaced inwardlyfrom the outside surface of the bowls side walls, and from thecontiguous walls of the cup, to afford smoke passages admitting to thelower chamber.

4l. A smoking pipe comprising a stem terminating in a cup, a bowlremovably supported in the cup, with the lower face of its bottom spacedabove the bottom of the cup to leave a chamber therebetween, with whichchamber the stems bore communicates, the upper surface of the bowlsbottom being susctantially level from edge to edge, and such edges beingspaced below the lower edges of the bowls side walls, and lying at leastas iaroutwardly as the inside walls of the bowl, but terminatinginwardly of the inner walls of the cup, for communication with thechamber below, and the bowls bottom being supported from and below thelower edge of its side walls by spacer pillars widely-spacedcircumferentially, to define smoke outlets from the bowl of suiiicientheight and circumferential extent to aioid convenient access to thebottom interior of the bowl, for removal ci caked residue.

5. A smoking pipe comprising a stem terminatingin a cup, a bowlremovably supported in the cup, circumferentially spaced spacer meanssupporting the bowls bottom with its upper face spaced below the loweredge of its side walls, and itslower face spaced above the cups bottomto leave a chamber therebetween, with which chamber the steins borecommunicates, the edges of the upper -face of the bowls \bottomwhich arespaced below the lower edges of the bowls side wall, lying at least asfar outwardly as the inside walls of the bowl, projected, butterminating inwardly of the inner walls of the-cup, the lower face ofthe bowls botm being undercut from the edges of the bottom, theformation and arrangement of the bottoms faces and edges, relative tothe cup and to the lower edges of the bowls inside walls, aording,first, circumferentially disposed smoke outlets from the bowl outwardlydirected against the walls of the cup, and then downwardly directedsmoke passages which have their greatest restriction past the outeredges of the bowls bottom, for most intense draft at that point.

6. A smoking pipe comprising a stem terminating in a cup, and a bowlremovably supported in the cup, with its bottom spaced above the bottomof the cup to leave a chamber therebetween, with which chamber the boreof the stem communicates, the bowl being approximately of hollowcylindrical shape, and its bottom being supported by spacer pillars, oneof which is located directly opposite the stems bore, the edge of thebottom thus spaced vbelow the lower end of the bowl proper, beingdisposed outwardly of the projection of the inner wall of the bowl, butbeing spaced inwardly from the outer wall of the bowl, to deiine wide,laterally directed and substantially circumferentially disposed smokeoutlets, the cup having a breather aperture admitting exterior air toimpinge` upon the pillar which is opposite the s'tems bore, the exteriorof the bowl being shaped to direct such breather air downwardly andacross the chamber beneath the bowls bottom.

7. A smoking pipe comprising a stem terminating in a cup, a bowlsupported in the cup, with the edges of its bottom spaced inwardly fromthe side walls of the cup, and its bottom spaced below its side wallsand above the bottom of the cup, to leave a chamber between thebowlsbottom and the cups bottom, with which chamber the bore of the stemcommunicates, and pillars ex tending between the side walls of the bowland its bottom, together occupying a minor part of the periphery of thebowls exterior and defining therebetween smoke outlets which constitutethe major part of such periphery, and which are directed unobstructedlytowards the side walls of the cup to discharge smoke thereupon, abovethe chamber, but communicating therewith about the inwardly spaced edgesof the bottom.

8. A smoking pipe comprising a stem terminating in a cup, a bowlsupported in the cup, with the edges of its bottom spaced inwardly fromthe side walls of the cup, and its bottom spaced below its side wallsand above the bottom of the cup,

to leave a chamber between the bowls bottom` and the cups bottom, withwhich chamber the bore of the stem communicates, and pillars extendingbetween the side walls of the bowl and its bottom, of generallytrapezoidal shape to define a plurality of smoke outlet slots aring fromthe inside of the bowl outward toward its exterior wall, of a combinedextent to constitute the major part of the bowls exterior periphery, thepillars occupying a minor part of such periphery, and affordingcommunication between the interior of the bowl and the cups chamberbeneath the bowl, for discharge thereto of smoke emerging through theslots.

9. A smoking pipe comprising a stem terminating in a cup, a bowlsupported in the cup with its bottom spaced from the cup to leave achamber therebetween, with which chamber the bore of the stemcommunicates, the side wall of the bowl adjacent its bottom beingapertured around a major part of its exterior periphery, and theexterior aperture edges being spared from the inner wall of the cup, toaford passage for smoke from the bowls interior through its aperturedside wall to said chamber, and thence into said stem.

l0. A smoking pipe comprising a stem terminating in a cup, a bowlsupported in the cupi with its bottom spaced from the cup to leave achamber therebetween, with which chamber the bore of the stemcommunicates, the side wall of the bowl adjacent its bottom beingapertured around a major part of its exterior periphery and flaringlyfrom the inside of the bowl outward toward its exterior wall, and theexterior aperture edges being spaced from the inner wall of the cup, toafford passage for smoke from the bowls interior through its aperturedside wall to said chamber, and thence into said stem.

CLARENCE A. PAVEY.

CERTIFICATE OF coRREGTioN., Patent Nm 2,255,8M? March 25, lQALl..

CLARENCE A. PAVEY.

It is hereby certified that error appears inA the printed specificationof the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows: Page 5,second Column, line ll, claim 9, for the word "spared" read -spaced-;and that the said Letters Patent should be read with this correctiontherein that the same may conform to the record of the ease in thePatent Office.,

Signed and sealed this 29th day of April, A.. D.. 19ML.

4 Henry Van Arsdale, (Seal) Acting Commissioner of Patents.

